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Reuse radar

Paris

Paris has little office vacancy by regional standards, but it is rising fastest in the city itself, and more than 100,000 private homes stand empty. The City already converts offices, garages and a ministry into housing, reserves 819 plots for social and bail réel solidaire homes in its local plan, and keeps the land of its bail réel solidaire homes in a community land trust — the route closest to a cooperative.
An empty building in Paris with homes, balconies and neighbours drawn onto it in ink
Empty buildings on record
60
and 2,126 more with an empty shop, flat or floor
Vacant office space
1.41 million m²
not yet measured
Homes potential
≈ 5,607
if 30% of empty offices converted

Office figures: Paris held 22% of Île-de-France's 6.4 million m² of immediately available offices at end-2025 (DRIEAT/ORIE) — about 1.4 million m², derived. CBRE/Immostat put vacancy at 6.5% in Paris Centre Ouest and 9.6% in the rest of Paris in Q1 2026; there is no single published rate for the city. Homes: our economic model’s conversion engine. Map built 2026-10-09.

In 3D, from today’s sources — a potential we spotted, not a plan.

Empty buildings in Paris

One point per building, from public records, open data and cited reports. Filter by type, size and how sure the evidence is; open one to see who says so and whether it could become homes.

France's register of vacant homes (LOVAC) is restricted to authorised public bodies; only totals are open — 105,785 private homes empty in Paris on 1 January 2025, 26,264 of them for more than two years — so no empty block of flats can be shown.

Loading map…
Colour = type of building named officially likely reported
Missing a building?

Check any building in Paris: could it become homes, and could the EHC model work there?

4 more buildings in Paris reported in the news, not yet on the map

The articles do not give an address we could place, so these have no pin yet. From news reports, summed up in our own words with a link to each article — not checked on site by EHC.

  • Ancienne gare des Gobelins — reported converted · 75,000 m² · owner: SEGROSEGRO's logistics hub in the old Gobelins station is up and running, with DB Schenker beginning operations there in June 2025. SEGRO (2025-06-03)
  • Ateliers 37 et 37 bis rue des Thermopyles, 37-37 bis rue des Thermopyles — reported conversion planned · formerly industrial building · owner: TerrotRun-down artists’ workshops are the site of a developer’s housing scheme that residents and the borough oppose ahead of a permit decision. Paris Zigzag (2026-08-11)
  • Former industrial postal building — reported converted · formerly residential building · owner: La Poste ImmobilierThe building progressively emptied before La Poste converted it into housing, coworking and urban logistics space Le Figaro Immobilier (2024-12-08)
  • School of the Holy Angels — reported empty · formerly schoolThe school closed the previous summer and was described as disused Europe 1 (2024-11-16)

Where conversion makes sense, and who to talk to

The districts where empty space, the right zoning and a working neighbourhood come together, and the owners and programmes that open a door. 1.41 million m² of offices stand empty.

A hand outlining a neighbourhood on a city map, with small houses drawn inside

Paris Nord-Est (18th, 19th, 20th)

The most housing reservations for bail réel solidaire, the largest rail-land quarters and three of the City's conversion sites sit here.

  • 68 of the 113 bail réel solidaire reservations in the PLU are in the 18th, 19th and 20th
  • Hébert (1,160 homes), Gare des Mines (880) and Chapelle Charbon (375) are in progress
  • 970 empty ground-floor units in the 18th alone — the most of any arrondissement (Apur, 2023)

Risk: Much of the land is in long rail and ZAC operations already allocated to developers and social landlords.

3 sources

Paris Centre Ouest (8th, 16th, 17th and the QCA)

Offices are emptying fastest here as new buildings deliver into a weak market, and the 8th and 16th carry the most housing reservations in the PLU.

  • Immediate office supply in Paris Centre Ouest up 44% in a year (CBRE, Q2 2026)
  • Vacancy 6.5% in Q1 2026, up 1.7 points in a year
  • 157 PLU housing reservations in the 8th and 16th

Risk: The highest office rents and values in France; owners refurbish rather than convert, so a cooperative needs a public partner to compete.

3 sources

Paris Sud (12th, 13th, 14th)

The most public land without a facility on it, former hospital and rail sites, and the most housing already created by conversion.

  • 126 public-owned plots of 500 m² or more with no listed facility (Apur parcels)
  • About 109,000 m² of housing created by conversion permits of 300 m² or more since 2013 (Sitadel)
  • ZAC Saint-Vincent-de-Paul: 618 homes on a former hospital
  • Cap 14 (144 av. Paul Vaillant-Couturier): offices vacant since 2020, requisition requested by the 14th in 2026

Risk: The big sites (Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris Rive Gauche, Bercy) are run by public developers with allocated programmes.

4 sources

Paris Centre (1st–4th)

Public headquarters and ministries are being turned into homes here, so the owners to approach are the State, AP-HP and the City.

  • Former AP-HP headquarters: 30,000 m², 48 social homes, completion end-2028
  • Morland: 16,280 m² of housing created from former public offices (Sitadel, completed)
  • About 53,000 m² of housing created by conversion permits of 300 m² or more since 2013

Risk: Small plots, listed buildings and very high values; most large public buildings have already been allocated.

2 sources

Signals to watch

Decisions, auctions and closures that change what becomes available, and when.

  1. 2026-09-03122 more bail réel solidaire homes

    The Foncière de la Ville de Paris put 122 new BRS homes on sale at about €5,000/m² in the 14th, 18th and 19th.

    1 source
  2. 2026-07Office supply jumps in central Paris

    Immediate office supply in Paris Centre Ouest rose 44% in a year as new buildings delivered into a weak market; Île-de-France reached 6.57 million m².

    1 source
  3. 2026-06-16New version of the Paris PLU in force

    The modified local plan published on the Géoportail de l'Urbanisme carries 819 housing reservations, 113 of them for bail réel solidaire.

    1 source
5 earlier signals
  1. 2026-06-09
    An arrondissement names its empty offices

    The 14th's council asked the State to requisition vacant offices for shelter, naming Cap 14 (vacant since 2020) and 25 rue Hippolyte-Maindron; 1,700 people were in temporary shelter in Paris in March 2026.

    1 source
  2. 2026-06
    Long-term office vacancy doubles

    More than 1.9 million m² of Île-de-France offices have been empty for over three years — more than twice the 2024 level.

    1 source
  3. 2026-05-05
    Office-to-housing call picks 61 projects

    The State's Île-de-France call selected 61 of 101 projects, with potential for 8,200 homes, 55% of them social.

    1 source
  4. 2026
    105,785 private homes empty, 26,264 for two years or more

    Cerema's LOVAC file (tax records) counts 105,785 private homes vacant on 1 January 2025, 26,264 of them for two years or more, against 1,124,440 private homes. The 2026 edition changed method, so it runs above earlier years; the address-level file goes only to local authorities.

    1 source
  5. 2025-06-16
    Office-to-housing law

    Law 2025-541 lets mayors waive local plan rules to turn offices and other buildings into homes and creates a 20-year permit for successive uses.

    1 source

Sources, and what we cannot see

27 sources connected, 1 waiting for access. We only use data we may lawfully reuse; where a publisher blocks automated access we do not work around it — a person downloads it, or we ask for permission.

Every source, its licence and when we last read it
SourceAccessRecordsStatusLicence
OpenStreetMap disused/abandoned tags and brownfields
OpenStreetMap contributors
Open API77Live
2026-10-09
ODbL 1.0 (© OpenStreetMap contributors)
Rail, S-Bahn and U-Bahn stations (OpenStreetMap)
OpenStreetMap contributors
Open APIscoringLive
2026-10-09
ODbL 1.0 (© OpenStreetMap contributors)
Building heights: GlobalBuildingAtlas (TU Munich)
Zhu, X. X., Chen, S., Zhang, F., Shi, Y., Wang, Y. (2025), Technical University of Munich
GlobalBuildingAtlas: an open global and complete dataset of building polygons, heights and LoD1 3D models. Earth System Science Data 17(12), 6647–6668, doi:10.5194/essd-17-6647-2025. Read from the Parquet copy on Source Cooperative. Satellite-derived heights (typically 1.5–3 m error in Europe), turned into storeys with storey heights fitted on Berlin; used only where no register or official 3D model sizes the building.
Open download10 buildings sizedLive
2026-10-09
CC BY-NC 4.0 (heights); footprints from OpenStreetMap and Microsoft: ODbL
Storeys and heights: BD TOPO buildings (IGN)
Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière (IGN)
Source : IGN – BD TOPO®. Recorded storeys (nombre_d_etages) where given, else the eaves height (lowest roof above lowest ground).
Open API409 buildings sizedLive
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte 2.0 (Etalab)
Road noise (EU Environmental Noise Directive, Lden)
European Environment Agency
Open APIscoringLive
2026-10-09
EEA standard re-use policy (attribution)
Leerstandsmelder.de — public reports of empty buildings
Leerstandsmelder (Gängeviertel e.V., Hamburg)
Shown while we ask Leerstandsmelder for permission. Reports since 2016 only, with the address, the month reported and a link to each entry; not checked by EHC. Each point says when a report has since been marked demolished, lived in, in interim use or rebuilt on Leerstandsmelder, and the owner type the reporter gave (private owners are never named).
Asking for permission0Pending
2026-10-09
Credited to Leerstandsmelder.de; asking for permission
Open-ended property funds: buildings they report partly empty
Open-ended real-estate funds (each point names its fund and report)
German and Austrian open-ended public property funds must list every property with its vacancy (or letting) rate in their annual and half-year reports. scripts/reuse/import-fund-reports.ts reads those lists; properties at 10 % vacancy or more are shown, those at 25 % or more count as evidence.
Open download5Live
2026-10-09
Published fund report (KAGB / KARBV property list), cited per point
Co-working spaces, department stores, banks, hotels and cinemas listed as permanently closed
Overture Maps Foundation (closure data: BrightQuery company records)
Places with operating_status "permanently_closed" in the monthly Overture release, read by scripts/reuse/import-overture-closures.ts and matched to the building they sit in. A closed business is usually one unit; names are shown only for companies, never for sole traders.
Open download0Live
2026-10-09
CDLA Permissive 2.0 (Overture Maps Foundation)
Land without current use and stalled construction, mapped from satellite imagery (Copernicus Urban Atlas 2006–2018)
European Environment Agency — Copernicus Land Monitoring Service
Urban Atlas class 13400 (brownfields, demolition sites and gaps in the built-up area, 0.25 ha and up) compared across the 2006, 2012 and 2018 editions, so each plot says how long it has stood unused; plus construction sites (13300) already under way in 2012, and 2012 construction sites left unused by 2018. Read from the EEA's open ArcGIS services, the same way in every radar city. The 2021 edition (Copernicus Data Space) drops plots built on since 2018 where scripts/reuse/import-urban-atlas-2021.ts has been run. Points are context, never evidence of vacancy.
Open API3Live
2026-10-09
Copernicus open data (© European Union, Copernicus Land Monitoring Service 2006–2021, EEA)
Stalled construction and buildings held by insolvent developers
EHC research (dated press and court sources per point)
Signa, Adler/Consus and other developer insolvencies since 2022 and stalled sites, each with its latest dated status (src/scripts/data/reuse/stalled-projects.json; news leads from scripts/reuse/mine-news.ts are reviewed before they join).
EHC research1Live
2026-10-09
Cited publisher per point
Church buildings the dioceses and regional churches plan to give up
Catholic dioceses and Protestant regional churches (their building plans), via EHC research
Buildings a church body’s published building plan or recent reporting names as to be given up, without church funding, for sale or lease, or profaned (src/scripts/data/reuse/church-plans.json and brussels-churches.json).
EHC research0Live
2026-10-09
Cited publisher per point
Named buildings and sites from EHC research (each with its own source)
European Housing Coop research
Includes the library’s public lighthouse conversions (src/scripts/data/reuse/lighthouses.json), shown under "Already converting" with a link to their library page.
EHC research39Live
2026-10-09
Facts cited to their publishers
Listed buildings: Mérimée (monuments historiques)
Ministère de la Culture (Plateforme ouverte du patrimoine)
Buildings classés or inscrits as monuments historiques, wholly or in part (the part is named). A monument counts when its point lies in the record’s BD TOPO outline or on its façade (within 3 m).
Open downloadscoringLive
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte 2.0 (Etalab)
Year built: IGN BD TOPO buildings
Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière (IGN)
The date a building appeared (date_d_apparition, from the land tax files) of the BD TOPO building a record sits in.
Open APIscoringLive
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte 2.0 (Etalab)
Year built and listing: OpenStreetMap building tags
OpenStreetMap contributors
start_date / construction_date and heritage / listed_status of the OpenStreetMap outline a record is matched to, where no register answers. Read with the outline match, not a separate query.
Open APIscoringLive
2026-10-09
ODbL 1.0 (© OpenStreetMap contributors)
Empty ground-floor premises of 300 m² or more (BDCOM 2023)
Apur – Atelier parisien d'urbanisme
Open API273Live
2026-10-09
ODbL
Ground-floor units empty in every shop census since 2017 or earlier (Apur, 2011–2023)
Apur – Atelier parisien d'urbanisme (BDCOM 2023 with its 2017 and 2020 activity history)
Open API2,040Live
2026-10-09
ODbL
Plots reserved for housing in the Paris PLU (incl. bail réel solidaire)
Ville de Paris, via the Géoportail de l'Urbanisme (IGN)
Open API819Live
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
Urban development operations and calls for projects (Apur BD Projets)
Apur – Atelier parisien d'urbanisme
Open API68Live
2026-10-09
ODbL
Public-owned land of 500 m² or more with no listed public facility
Apur – Atelier parisien d'urbanisme (urban parcels, owner nomenclature)
Open API517Live
2026-10-09
ODbL
Permits creating homes by converting other floor space (Sitadel, 2013–2024)
DRIEAT Île-de-France (Sitadel, geocoded)
Open API314Live
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
Service buildings of six storeys or more with no homes (IGN BD TOPO)
IGN – BD TOPO, via the Géoplateforme
Open API1,436Live
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte Etalab 2.0
Existing buildings to be rehabilitated as housing inside development operations
Apur – Atelier parisien d'urbanisme
Open API15Live
2026-10-09
ODbL
Permits turning offices, shops or hotels into housing (building scale, 1997–2026)
Ville de Paris — Autorisations d'urbanisme (historique)
Manual download820Snapshot
2026
ODbL
Existing buildings bought and rehabilitated into social homes
Ville de Paris — Logements sociaux financés à Paris
Manual download1,665Snapshot
2025
ODbL
Brownfields in the national inventory (Cartofriches)
Cerema — Cartofriches (sites référencés, edition 15 June 2026)
Manual download26Snapshot
2026-10-09
Licence Ouverte 2.0 (Etalab)
Buildings named in the news (each with its article)
Local and national press, read by EHC
Buildings the news reports empty, for sale or to let, to be demolished or being converted (src/scripts/data/reuse/news-building-leads.json; rules in src/lib/reuse/news-layer.ts). A report that names a building already on the map is shown on its card instead of a second point; one an open source contradicted, or that says the building is in use, is left out. Not checked on site.
EHC research17Live
2026-10-14
Facts with a link to the article; the one-line summary is ours — no article text is republished
Probable era: estimated from a street photo (Panoramax, Mapillary, Google Street View)
Panoramax and Mapillary contributors; Google Street View (research use agreed with Google, 14 Oct 2026); estimate by EHC with a vision model
Where no register dates a building: its era read from a Panoramax or Mapillary photo looking at it — Google Street View only where no open photo answers (scripts/reuse/estimate-photo-eras.ts), only when the building is clearly visible and the model is confident, and only as “before 1945” or “1945 or later” — the split it got right for 89% of buildings with a register year in Amsterdam and Paris, and 89% from Street View pictures alone (photo-eras/calibration.json). An estimate: a sentence in the conversion check, never points.
Open APIscoringLive
2026-10-14
Open photos CC BY-SA 4.0 or Licence Ouverte 2.0 (per picture); Street View read for research only, never stored or shown; only the estimated era is published, never a photo

What this radar cannot see yet

  • France's register of vacant homes (LOVAC) is restricted to authorised public bodies; only totals are open — 105,785 private homes empty in Paris on 1 January 2025, 26,264 of them for more than two years — so no empty block of flats can be shown.
  • There is no public register of empty offices; brokers publish vacancy by sector only, so office points are a building-type proxy, not a vacancy record.
  • Empty shop units are drawn from 300 m², plus every smaller unit empty in three censuses running (2,040); the 2023 census counts 9,060 empty ground-floor units in all.
  • Building safety orders (arrêtés de mise en sécurité, formerly péril) are issued by the Préfecture de police and published only inside its gazette PDFs; no open list with addresses exists.
  • The 14th arrondissement asked for a map of vacant offices by arrondissement (June 2026); none is published yet.

Know an empty building we have missed?

Open data cannot see everything. Tell us about a building in Paris that stands empty or barely used; once we have checked it, it joins the map under “Reported by visitors (checked)”.

A phone held up to photograph an empty shopfront, with a map pin drawn above it

We publish the address, the kind of building and your description once we have checked it — never your email. Please do not name the people who own or live in a building.

Radars nearby

The other radars in the same country and the nearest beyond. All 149 cities in the atlas

The figure on each card: empty buildings on record.

Antwerp, Belgium308empty buildings on recordBordeaux, France171empty buildings on recordBrussels, Belgium99empty buildings on recordGhent, Belgium37empty buildings on recordLille, France56empty buildings on recordLuxembourg City, Luxembourg73empty buildings on recordLyon, France54empty buildings on recordMarseille, France471empty buildings on recordMontpellier, France28empty buildings on recordNantes, France45empty buildings on recordNice, France48empty buildings on recordStrasbourg, France30empty buildings on recordToulouse, France74empty buildings on record