Part 2: Mapping the housing needs in the EU, assessing the impacts of scarcity and providing an overview of relevant EU legislation

This resource titled "Part 2: Mapping the housing needs in the EU, assessing the impacts of scarcity and providing an overview of relevant EU legislation" is published by the European Parliament, authored by Alina Makarevičienė, Greta Skubiejūtė, Agnė Zakaravičiūtė, and Justinas Jočys. The document focuses on the analysis of housing needs across the EU, emphasizing the inequalities in affordability, accessibility, and quality of housing.

The study provides a comprehensive mapping of current housing needs throughout the EU, analyzing various territories, including Member States, rural and urban areas, and diverse population groups. It highlights critical factors affecting the demand and supply of housing, particularly the impacts of scarcity on health, education, and employment. The document also reviews how EU legislation and funding influence national policies, aiming for decent, sustainable, and affordable housing.

The resource outlines relevant EU legislation that shapes housing policies, including the Right to Housing Plan and frameworks that facilitate funding for housing projects. It emphasizes the importance of integrating sustainability into housing strategies, noting that housing stability is essential for the overall well-being of communities and individuals.

Various case studies from cities like Barcelona, Dublin, and Freiburg illustrate innovative approaches to addressing housing crises. For instance, Barcelona has implemented an integrated housing strategy that combines regulatory measures and investment tools aimed at ensuring affordable housing. Dublin's Housing for All initiative seeks to expand supply and improve affordability, while Freiburg focuses on sustainable urban growth linked to climate commitments.

The document highlights significant disparities in housing availability and quality across different EU regions. It notes that housing shortages persist particularly in urban centers, where demand outstrips supply. The report stresses that many low-income households are disproportionately affected by rising rents and that increased housing costs are contributing to homelessness in various cities.

Statistical data presented in the report indicates that in several EU countries, a substantial percentage of households spend more than 30% of their income on housing costs. For example, in Barcelona, 36% of households faced such burdens, rising to 68% among low-income renters. The data illustrates the pressing need for effective housing policies and interventions.

The study concludes that housing scarcity has far-reaching impacts on health and social outcomes. It emphasizes that a lack of affordable housing can lead to increased stress, poorer health outcomes, and hindered educational and employment opportunities. It calls for immediate action to address these issues through enhanced legislation and collaborative efforts among EU member states. In summary, this resource serves as a crucial tool for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders interested in sustainable housing solutions across Europe, providing valuable insights into the current challenges and legislative frameworks that guide housing policies.