So bauen und wohnen wir 2040

This resource, titled "So bauen und wohnen wir 2040" (How We'll Build and Live in 2040), is published by Good Impact, an organization focused on sustainability and innovative building solutions. The article outlines the future of circular construction as a critical strategy in achieving climate goals. The authors explore a vision for 2040, emphasizing modern architectural practices that prioritize efficiency, sustainability, and resourcefulness.

The article begins by discussing a shift from traditional demolition practices to circular construction, where buildings are deconstructed rather than demolished. Architect Christina Fuchs illustrates this process with an example in Hamburg-Altona, where components from a residential building are harvested for reuse. The practice of "harvesting" allows valuable materials to be repurposed, significantly reducing construction waste. This change in approach not only conserves resources but also limits land consumption for new developments, which was at 55 hectares per day in 2021.

Fuchs employs a method known as "design by availability," where the design process begins with assessing available materials. This practice likens construction to assembling with Lego blocks, taking into account the varying sizes, weights, and ages of salvaged components. The article details how Fuchs has gathered steel beams and ceiling elements for her projects, which are digitally scanned and cataloged, allowing easy access to necessary materials.

The article highlights a significant technological advancement: construction machinery now operates on electricity instead of diesel. This transition not only improves air quality at construction sites but also integrates modern technology like robotic arms for 3D printing building materials. These robots can process non-reusable elements into new 3D materials, creating a more efficient construction process.

Luis Elbaz, another architect mentioned, discusses the transformation of a former cable factory into residential housing. The article notes that old structures, such as churches and parking garages, are increasingly available for repurposing due to changing urban needs. However, new projects must meet strict requirements concerning the use of primary and renewable materials. The discussion also touches on the concept of an urban square meter cap for living space, aiming to address the housing crisis while balancing privacy concerns.

Valerie Schott, a construction transition activist, contributes to the argument for optimizing living spaces. Citing research that suggests 25 square meters per person can suffice with adequate public spaces, she advocates for shared living concepts. Her team is developing an app to facilitate "Room as a Service," enabling flexible use of spaces for various purposes, from language classes to yoga studios.

The article concludes with insights into future construction methods, emphasizing the goal of achieving 100% circular and emission-free practices within ten years. Innovations in sustainable materials, like organic solar cells, are highlighted as essential for transitioning to energy-efficient buildings. The Netherlands is cited as a leader in circular construction, having implemented regulations that support this development.

The article references conversations with experts in sustainable design and various studies that inform its projections, showcasing a collaborative effort to reshape construction practices for a sustainable future.